Pathology is a term derived from the Greek words for disease and science. It is considered one of the subfields of medicine. Pathology, which can be briefly defined as the science of diseases, is a vast scientific field with a broad area of study.
Pathology deals with diseases, the underlying causes of diseases, the mechanism of diseases, and the consequences of diseases. It forms the foundation of medicine.
By examining cells, tissues, and organs in disease conditions, the general characteristics of the disease are determined. Using both macroscopic and microscopic methods, the disease is explained in detail. The goal is to help individuals return to their healthy lives.
The history of the disease’s onset is examined. Although not definitive, the disease diagnosis is attempted with several interpretations.
Research is conducted on the mechanism of disease formation. If there is a microorganism causing the disease, it can be identified.
The structural disturbances in the cells, tissues, and organs affected by the disease are examined. The physical results of the disease in the body can be observed in this way.
The clinical significance of the disease is examined. The clinical evaluation of rare and untreatable diseases plays an important role in future cases.
Experts in pathology are called pathologists. Pathologists work in laboratories, using various techniques to reach conclusions about diseases. Pathology tests are analyses frequently used by pathologists. Viromed Laboratories stand out for offering pathology tests alongside many other tests.
Various methods can be used for pathological examinations of diseases. The chosen pathology test methods depend on the disease and the tissue to be examined, helping to ensure the results are reliable and fast.
Tests performed by expert pathologists help in discovering the causes of diseases and determining the paths for recovery. There are many methods used in pathology laboratories.
A biopsy is the process of removing cells, fluid, or tissue from a person believed to be ill through surgical methods. Tissue samples can also be taken from areas with diseases using only a needle, without surgical intervention.
The biopsy process lasts about 15 minutes, and no stitches are required afterward. The equipment used may vary depending on the area being biopsied.
Endoscopy is a method applied in digestive system diseases. It does not require any surgical intervention and is performed with a tube inserted through the mouth to the stomach. The camera and light at the end of the tube allow detailed examination of the organ.
Endoscopy can also be used for treatments, such as stomach drainage, removal of foreign substances from the body, and widening of esophageal strictures.
Colonoscopy is an endoscopic method used for a detailed examination of the colon and rectum. It can be performed when there is persistent abdominal pain, rectal bleeding, chronic constipation or diarrhea, or unexplained weight loss. To ensure the success of colonoscopy, the intestines must be empty.
Bronchoscopy is the endoscopic method used to examine the lungs and lower respiratory tract. It plays a crucial role in diagnosing lung diseases by detecting abnormal findings in the airways. Solid food should be avoided 4 hours prior, and liquid intake should stop 2 hours before the procedure.
The frozen section method differs from other pathological processes. A sample taken during surgery is sent to the laboratory for quick examination. If a disease is detected, surgery continues in the spread areas. If no disease is found, the surgery is terminated.
An autopsy is a pathological method applied to determine the cause of death or the mechanisms of the disease leading to death. Tissue or organs taken from a deceased person are examined to discover the underlying cause of death.
Medical procedures performed in pathology laboratories are essential steps in the recovery process. Viromed Laboratories helps achieve accurate test results by carefully evaluating pathological methods.
To ensure accurate results from pathology tests, several factors need to be considered. Factors that could influence the test results can lead to incorrect assumptions, potentially causing negative effects on the patient’s health.
The individual being tested is the factor that most influences the test results. Factors that could alter the physiological values of the person, such as the food they consume, physical activity, age, and gender, can create variations in the test results.
Different methods are used depending on the organ to be examined in the pathology laboratory. Therefore, the method applied to the patient for the test can influence the results. For example, performing a colonoscopy for lung diseases can lead to incorrect conclusions.
Proper labeling of the sample is crucial for correct test results. The content of the sample, the area from which it was taken, and personal information are important for interpreting the test results accurately.
Tissue samples to be examined pathologically may be kept in formaldehyde-filled containers for a specific period. Insufficient exposure to formaldehyde can lead to tissue degradation, making the test impossible. Therefore, test samples should be stored in cold, formaldehyde-rich conditions.
Proper monitoring of tissue throughout the process, including during machine processing and solution application, is necessary. This helps prevent issues that could arise at any stage of the test.
Mistakes in the records taken before processes like macroscopic examination or frozen section could lead to inconsistent test results. If the recorded information does not match the test result, the error in the recording process is corrected and the result reevaluated.
Viromed Laboratories minimizes issues that could affect pathology tests, ensuring reliable results through hygienic environments and meticulous staff.
Pathology tests are commonly used for diagnosing many diseases. Among these, cancer is the primary condition diagnosed through pathology. In addition to cancer, the pathology unit also deals with non-cancerous diseases.
Psoriasis is a condition caused by the faster-than-normal multiplication of skin cells. It is commonly characterized by red patches covered with white scales.
Although the exact cause is unknown, it is thought to be linked to an immune system error. Psoriasis can run in families or skip generations. It can be diagnosed easily through physical examination or biopsy.
Thyroid diseases are classified when the thyroid glands produce too much or too little hormone. Since the thyroid affects metabolism, symptoms can appear throughout the body. The diagnosis includes a physical exam of the neck. If a thyroid nodule is suspected, a biopsy may be requested.
Ulcerative colitis is a disease that causes inflammation and ulcers in the colon and rectum. Genetic factors, smoking, poor diet, stress, and age are environmental factors that may contribute to the development of ulcerative colitis.
Symptoms include loss of appetite, fatigue, fever, weight loss, and skin rashes. Diagnosis begins with blood tests and colonoscopy, followed by biopsy if necessary. Medication is used for treatment.
Gastritis refers to inflammation of the mucous lining of the stomach. Symptoms often include back pain, nausea, vomiting, and bloating.
Endoscopy is required for a definitive diagnosis. Treatment usually starts with dietary adjustments, and if necessary, medication is prescribed.
More than 200 diseases that cause shortness of breath and coughing in the lungs are categorized under lung parenchymal diseases. Diagnosing these diseases can be difficult, as they progress differently in each individual and can advance rapidly. Diagnostic methods help slow disease progression.
Pathology tests play a vital role in diagnosing diseases medically and for human health. The pathology tests performed quickly and securely at Viromed Laboratories are invaluable in identifying and halting diseases.
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